His first book was published in 1923, The Rocket and the Star<\/i>, which is a collection of aphorisms that impressed everyone. Juan Ram\u00f3n Jim\u00e9nez, Pedro Salinas<\/a> or Azor\u00edn were quite surprised with the young author calling him “master of the new generation of writers”. In 1923, he premiered his play Gatomaquia<\/i>; in 1925 Three Scenes at Right Angles <\/i> and in 1927 Enemy that Flees,<\/i> dramatic dialogues qualified by himself as aphoristic plays to read. It is a type of avant-garde theater almost unrepresentable. This will also be one of the seven literary figures (Lorca, Alberti<\/a>, Diego, <\/a>Alonso<\/a>,<\/a> Juan Chab\u00e1s<\/a>, <\/a>Guill\u00e9n<\/a> and himself) to leave Madrid by train to Seville to celebrate the famous tribute to G\u00f3ngora. The first night Bergam\u00edn intervened to explain to the public the purpose of that act. The second night he was unable to speak as he was aphonic and his text on the trends in Spanish poetry of the time was read by D\u00e1maso Alonso. He also participated in the evening that took place at the estate of S\u00e1nchez Mej\u00edas<\/a> where the host forced everyone to dress in Moroccan djellabas.<\/p>\n In 1928, he participated in another avant-garde project, the magazine gallo<\/i> of Federico and Francisco Garc\u00eda Lorca<\/a>.<\/strong> In the first issue he publishes aphorisms on the symbolism of the gallo (rooster). A parody of these aphorisms is made in the issue of the magazine Pavo<\/i> ((Turkey) the replica of this magazine, also devised by Lorca). In 1929, he published an essay on Alberti, in La Gaceta Literaria<\/i> on March 15, in which he establishes an opposition (without naming Lorca) between western and eastern Andalusia, in which the latter loses.<\/p>\n In 1933, he founded and edited Cruz y Raya<\/i>, a magazine in which all the authors of ’27 participated, which followed a line of Catholic intellectualism that was innovative and progressive. It continued to be published until 1936.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n Bergam\u00edn, a great bullfighting fan, was present at the bullfight in which his friend S\u00e1nchez Mej\u00edas lost his life, in Manzanares. That same year he published Lament for a Bullfighter<\/em><\/a>\u00a0in his magazine, Cruz y Raya, accompanied by a drawing by Jos\u00e9 Caballero<\/a>. In 1936, he also published Blood Wedding<\/i><\/a>.<\/p>\n During the Civil War he presided over the Alliance of Antifascist Intellectuals. Appointed cultural attach\u00e9 of the Embassy in Paris, he was in charge of seeking support for the Republic. He organized many of the cultural activities that took place during the war, writing in El Mono Azul, Hora de Espa\u00f1a, Cuadernos de Madrid<\/i>… In 1937, he presided over the 2nd International Congress of Writers for the Defense of Culture in Valencia and gave Pablo Picasso the official commission for the Guernica<\/i> for the International Exposition in Paris.<\/p>\n When the war ended, he went into exile. He was first in Mexico, from 1939 to 1947. There he founded the magazine Espa\u00f1a Peregrina<\/i> and the S\u00e9neca magazine\u00a0Poet in New York<\/i><\/a>, the first Complete Works<\/i> of Machado<\/a>, as well as some by Alberti or Cernuda<\/a>, among other writers. He premiered three critical and committed plays: La Muerte Burlada<\/i> (1944), La Hija de Dios<\/i> (1945) and La Ni\u00f1a Guerrillera<\/i> (1945). After his return to Spain in 1958 he spent some years unnoticed, but in 1963 he was forced to go into exile again and it was not until 1970 that he returned definitively to Spain and reissued some of his earlier works.<\/p>\n He was a dissident in the Transition and also suffered censorship. He lived the last years of his life in the Basque Country. He died in Hondarribia in August 1983.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Spanish writer, friend, editor and generation mate of Federico Garc\u00eda Lorca. He wrote poetry, plays and essays. He was born in Madrid in 1895. He was the son of a […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":10117,"template":"","agrupacion":[131,128],"class_list":["post-10116","personaje","type-personaje","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","agrupacion-generation-of-27","agrupacion-writers-and-journalists"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.universolorca.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/personaje\/10116"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.universolorca.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/personaje"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.universolorca.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/personaje"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.universolorca.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/10117"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.universolorca.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=10116"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"agrupacion","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.universolorca.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/agrupacion?post=10116"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}![\"Celebration](\"https:\/\/www.universolorca.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/Generacion27_1.jpg\")
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